Atlas Infor
about electricity sector
in Vietnam
(up to the end of 2005)
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Son La Hydropower Plant with capacity of 2400 MW |
1. Overview
Electricity of Vietnam (EVN) is the State corporation (since 1994) under Ministry of Industry with 2 main objectives:
· Invest to build power projects (for generation and transmission)
· Produce and supply power to the national economy
At present time, the total installed capacity is 11,286 MW, energy production is 52.5 billion kWh, energy production per capita is 645 kWh. The rural electrification is covered 98% of districts, 95.4% of villages and 88.5% of households throughout the country.
EVN itself has 80,000 employees with 53 independent organisation including 13 Management Boards (for generation and transmission), 4 Power Engineering and Consulting Companies, 1 Institute of Energy, 7 Power Companies, 4 Transmission Companies, 14 Power Plants, 2 Manufacturing Companies, 1 National Load Dispatch Center, IT Center, etc.
The total installed capacity is 11,286 MW, in which 8,847 MW belongs to EVN and 2,439 MW is outside EVN. Out of 11,286 MW there are 4,198 MW from hydro (36.5%), 2,090MW from coal-fired thermal (18.5%), 4,503 MW from gas thermal (40%), 495 MW from diesel and other resources (5%).
Transmission lines:
· 500 kV: 2,469 km
· 220 kV: 4,795 km
· up to 110 kV: 9,819 km
2. Power demand and plan for generation development
Power demand
· In general:
|
|
2005 |
2010 |
2015 |
2020 |
|
Installed capacity (MW) |
11,286 |
26,000 |
42,000 |
62,000 |
|
Energy production (106 kWh) |
53.5 |
113 |
190 |
294 |
|
Commercial energy
production (106 kWh) |
45.6 |
97 |
165 |
257 |
|
Commercial energy
production per capita (kWh) |
550 |
1,106 |
1,774 |
2,629 |
· In hydro:
|
|
2005 |
2010 |
2015 |
2020 |
|
Installed capacity (MW) |
4,198 |
10,200 |
15,300 |
16,580 |
|
Percentage (%) |
36.5% |
40% |
36% |
27% |
3. Hydropower potential
Meteo-hydrological features
The country area is 328,000 km2 where 3 fourth is mountains and highlands. The length from the North to the South is 1,630 km. The climate is tropical, rainy season in the North and the South is from June to November, in the Central Highland is from August to December. The mean annual rainfall is 2,000 mm, maximum is 4,000 – 5,000 mm, minimum is 1,000 mm. There are 2,400 rivers and riverlets with the length over 10 km. Most of them enter the Pacific Ocean with 870 km3/year (37,500 m3/s).
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Cua Dat Hydropower Plant with capacity of 99 MW in a multipurpose hydraulic system |
Hydropower potential
Theoretical hydropower potential is 300 billion kWh (2,400 rivers and riverlets). Technical potential is 123 billion kWh corresponding with 31,000 MW. Techno-economical potential is 75 – 80 kWh corresponding with 18,000 – 20,000 MW.
Up to now the total installed capacity is 4,200 MW with annual energy production of 18 billion kWh, occupying 20% of total economical potential.
There are 300 small and mini hydropower projects (up to 30 MW) with total capacity of 2,00 – 2,500 MW and 8 – 10 billion kWh.
There are 10 planning pump-storaged projects with total capacity of 10,000 MW. The pre-FS is under implementation for East Phu Yen (Son La province, 1,200 MW) and Bac Ai (Ninh Thuan province, 1,000 MW).
4. Power plants under operation and hydroprojects under construction up to 2010
Power plants under operation
Total capacity is 4,198 MW of 11 hydropower plants and small hydro plants including: Hoa Binh (1920 MW), Yali (720 MW), Tri An (400 MW), Ham Thuan (300 MW), Dami (175 MW), Da Nhim (160 MW), Thac Mo (150 MW), Thac Ba (108 MW), Can Don (78 MW), Song Hinh (70 MW), Vinh Son (66 MW) and small hydropower (50 MW).
Hydropower projects under construction
Total capacity is 6,768 MW of 20 hydropower projects done by EVN, in which Son La is the biggest one (2,400 MW, 6 units of 400 MW), planning to be commisioned at the end of 2010.
Here is the list of EVN projects, as belows:
|
No |
Project name |
Province |
Capacity
(MW) |
Dam type |
Dam height (m) |
|
1 |
Tuyen Quang |
Tuyen Quang |
342 |
CFRD |
93 |
|
2 |
Son La |
Son La |
2,400 |
RCC |
138 |
|
3 |
Huoi Quang |
Son La |
520 |
RCC |
130 |
|
4 |
Ban Chat |
Lai Chau |
220 |
RCC |
104 |
|
5 |
Ban Ve |
Nghe An |
300 |
RCC |
136 |
|
6 |
Quang Tri |
Quang Tri |
64 |
CFRD |
75 |
|
7 |
Song Tranh 2 |
Quang Nam |
190 |
RCC |
95 |
|
8 |
Song Ba Ha |
Phu Yen |
220 |
Earthfill |
60 |
|
9 |
Kanak – An Khe |
Gia Lai |
173 |
CFRD |
64 |
|
10 |
A Vuong |
Quang Nam |
210 |
RCC |
82 |
|
11 |
Dong Nai 3 |
Lam Dong |
240 |
RCC |
100 |
|
12 |
Dong Nai 4 |
Lam Dong |
270 |
RCC |
128 |
|
13 |
Dai Ninh |
Lam Dong |
300 |
Rockfill |
50 |
|
14 |
Bac Binh |
Binh Thuan |
33 |
Earthfill |
25 |
|
15 |
Buon Tou Srah |
Dac Lac |
86 |
Rockfill |
85 |
|
16 |
Buon Kuop |
Dac Lac |
280 |
Earthfill |
30 |
|
17 |
Srepok 3 |
Dac Lac |
220 |
Rockfill |
60 |
|
18 |
Pleikrong |
Kon Tum |
110 |
RCC |
71 |
|
19 |
Se San 3 |
Gia Lai |
260 |
RCC |
70 |
|
20 |
Se San 4 |
Gia Lai |
330 |
RCC |
74 |
Total capacity is 1,000 MW of some other hydropower projects done by other organisations than EVN (up to 2010) using BOT or IPP such as Cua Dat (97 MW), Se San 3A (96 MW), etc.
Besides, at present time the FS of some hydroprojects is carried out by EVN in oder to put them into operation in the period of 2010 - 2015 such as Nho Que 3 (135 MW). Lai Chau (1200 MW), Ban Uon (250 MW), Khe Bo (100 MW), Song Boung 4 (145 MW, supported by ADB), Song Boung 2 (100 MW), Dak Mi 1 (200 MW), Upper Kontum (260 MW).
Small and microhydro
There will be 300 – 380 MW of small and micro hydro that will be operated in the period of 2006 – 2010.
5. Regional cooperation
Cooperation with Laos
In the near future it’s planning to build two transmission lines of 220 kV (Nam Mo – Ban Ve – Vinh and Se Ka Man 3 – A Vuong – Da Nang) to help import electricity from Laos.
The total capacity of 1,000 MW is planning to import up to 2010, and 1,000 MW more after 2010 from Nam Thom 2 (1088 MW) and Se Ka Man 1, Se Kong 4, 5 and Nam Kong (1,600 MW) by 500 kV transmisson line (after 2010).
Cooperation with Campuchia
In the period of 2008 – 2010 the total capacity of 150 – 200 MW will be provided to Campuchia by 220 kV transmission line (Chau Doc – Ta Keo – Phnom Penh).
In the period of 2015 – 2016 the total capacity of 430 MW (Lower Se San 2, Lower Srepok 2 in Campuchia territory) will be imported by 220 kV transmission line.
Cooperation with China
At the end of 2006, total capacity of 250 – 300 MW will be imported from neighboring districts of China by 220 kV transmission line Lao Cai – Yen Bai – Viet Tri.
In the middle of 2007, total capacity of 200 MW will be imported from neighboring districts of China by 220 kV transmission line Ha Giang – Thai Nguyen.
It’s considering to import 1,500 MW in the period of 2016 – 2018 by 500 kV transmission line Hong He – Soc Son.
6. Policies on the financing distribution
- Privatisation of Power Plants
- Privatisation of Power Companies
- Bonds
- Domestic credit loan
- ECA
- Diversification of different financing sources
Tam Dan (EVN)
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